(1) Методът за потвърждение, че долният край на двойната J тръба е в пикочния мехур по време на операцията:
① After the catheter is placed, there is resistance to gently pulling the catheter, and it retracts into the ureter quickly after releasing it.
②The catheter enters the back hole of the bladder and urine flows out.
③Inject methylene blue into the bladder, squeeze the lower abdomen, and blue liquid flows out from the side hole.
④ Intraoperative X-ray or cystoscopy confirmed.
(2) За да се избегне появата на усложнения, трябва да се обърне внимание и на:
①Choose different types and good quality double-J tubes according to different patients, and estimate the position and length of the upper or lower double-J tubes according to the position of the stones on the intravenous pyelogram before surgery.
② The No. 1 silk thread is sewn at the end of the double J tube. After the upward movement, the silk thread can be clamped by the cystoscope and the double J tube can be taken out, so as to avoid the pain and economic loss caused by the operation, ureteroscopy and other methods to the patient.
③ X-ray or B-ultrasound to understand the position of the double J tube, and adjust the position of the double J tube through the cystoscope if necessary.
④ Long-term placement of double-J tubes should be replaced regularly to avoid the formation of stones. Ask the patient to drink plenty of fluids to reduce urinary salt deposition.
В заключение, колкото по-дълго е времето на престой на двойния J катетър, толкова по-висока е честотата на усложненията, така че той трябва да бъде отстранен навреме. Обикновено постоянната тръба е 4 до 6 седмици след операцията. За тези, които наистина се нуждаят от-устойчива тръба за дълго време, тя трябва да се сменя на всеки 2 до 3 месеца. В допълнение, следоперативното проследяване-също е много важно, интраоперативният постоянен двоен-J катетър е лесно да се пропусне проследяването-и ако проследяването- е не навреме, усложнения или сложни камъни могат да причинят затруднения при отстраняването на катетъра, което не само увеличава физическите и икономически ползи за пациента.
Therefore, a strict follow-up system must be established: the operation records should be written with a built-in double-J tube; during the postoperative rounds, the patients and their families should be explained to the patients and their families that there are built-in double-J tubes, explaining the function and precautions ; The doctor's order in the discharge medical record should indicate the time of the follow-up visit and take the tube, and ask to drink more water.
